
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common nerve-related conditions, affecting millions of people across the United States. It occurs when the median nerve — a major nerve that runs from the forearm into the hand — becomes compressed within a narrow passageway in the wrist known as the carpal tunnel. This tunnel is formed by small carpal bones and ligaments that can tighten or swell due to various factors, putting pressure on the nerve.
When this compression happens, it can lead to pain, numbness, tingling, or burning sensations in the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers. Many patients also describe a “shock-like” feeling that radiates up the arm toward the shoulder. If left untreated, carpal tunnel syndrome can progress and impact hand function, making everyday activities — like typing, writing, or gripping objects — increasingly difficult.
Carpal tunnel syndrome develops when the median nerve inside the wrist is compressed due to swelling or narrowing of the carpal tunnel. This nerve controls movement and sensation in parts of the hand and fingers, so even mild pressure can lead to noticeable discomfort.
For many individuals, physical therapy is one of the most effective and non-surgical treatments for CTS. A customized therapy plan can include exercises that help reduce pressure on the nerve, improve flexibility, and strengthen wrist and hand muscles. With consistent treatment, most patients can restore normal sensation and function without the need for surgery.
However, in severe or long-term cases where nerve compression has caused muscle wasting (atrophy), surgical intervention may be necessary. Such cases often lead to significant weakness in grip and pinch strength, affecting tasks like buttoning clothes or holding a cup. While surgery may relieve pressure on the nerve, physical therapy remains essential for recovery and regaining function afterward.
In many cases, the exact cause of CTS isn’t clear. However, several factors can contribute to increased pressure on the median nerve. These include:
Repetitive wrist motion
Swelling of tendons
Injuries
Medical conditions
Pregnancy
Diabetes
Arthritis
Source: Mayo Clinic
Carpal tunnel symptoms often appear gradually and may worsen over time. They are usually more noticeable during activities that require bending or gripping the wrist or while sleeping. Initially, patients may feel tingling or “pins and needles” sensations in the thumb and first three fingers. As the condition progresses, numbness and weakness can make it harder to perform fine motor tasks.
Common symptoms include:
Numbness or the feeling that fingers have “fallen asleep”
Tingling or burning sensations in the hand
Pain that radiates up the arm
Decreased grip or pinch strength
Difficulty holding or lifting objects
Source: WebMD
At our clinic, diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome starts with a thorough review of your medical history, daily activities, and any prior wrist injuries. X-rays may be used to check for fractures or arthritis, while nerve conduction studies (NCV) and electromyography (EMG) assess median nerve function. Lab tests may be done if underlying conditions like diabetes or thyroid issues are suspected.
Our licensed therapists design treatment programs that target the underlying cause of nerve compression, reduce pain, and restore normal function in the wrist and hand.
Therapy focuses on improving the flexibility and strength of the wrist, forearm, and hand muscles. Specific techniques may include:
Stretching and strengthening exercises
Manual therapy
Nerve gliding exercises
Ergonomic and posture training
Ultrasound or electrical stimulation
Physical therapy is the first-line, non-invasive treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. While there’s no absolute cure, a physiotherapy program can relieve pain, numbness, and tingling, and often restore hand function. In severe cases, surgery may be needed, with post-surgical physical therapy aiding recovery of strength, mobility, and sensation.
If you’re experiencing signs of carpal tunnel syndrome — such as tingling, numbness, or weakness in your hand — it’s time to take action.
Call (212)-213-3480 to schedule your appointment today and start your recovery journey with our experienced physical therapists.
Alexander Liu
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Manhattan Physical Therapy
✆ Phone (appointments):
(212) 213-3480
Address: 385 5th Ave, Suite 503, New York, NY 10016